Step-by-Step Approach to Astronomy Term Paper Writing

Step-by-Step Approach to Astronomy Term Paper Writing Astronomy is the branch of science that studies celestial objects such as planets, sun, and moon. Writing a term paper helps improve the writer’s knowledge as it promotes critical thinking, organization, and the use of proper structure to effectively provide a quality paper. Some of the integral parts of an astronomy term paper are an excellent structure and a detailed plan (both should be done before the actual writing). Laying out sections in order in which they relate to each other guarantees a smooth flow to the astronomy term paper. One should understand that an astronomy term paper should have an original concept around which all arguments should coalesce. The following is the astronomy term paper guide you can’t ignore. Pre-Writing Tips First, it is essential to understand what ‘pre-writing tips’ are before proceeding to use them. These are the first actions of the writer before he/she actually produces content for an astronomy term paper. These tips help you to improve the quality of the work, build comprehensive content, as well as provide a clear outline of the topic being discussed. It is true that the writers that spend a lot of their time at this phase tend to produce better works in contrast to those who directly tackle the content. Good pre-writing tips should assist the writer to gather adequate information and pieces of evidence before writing the paper. The following are the examples of prewriting tips. Choosing the Topic When writing an academic term paper, it is essential to have a good topic as it helps the author to choose the right direction that his content will follow. Often, professors provide their students with the questions to choose from, and when this happens, it is vital for one to select an appropriate theme based on the background of information one has on the topic. If the writer has to choose the subject, it is advisable to select a theme that attracts his/her interest, is trending or controversial, and that the writer has rudimentary knowledge on. It is also important to pick topics that appeal to the critical thinking of the readers. Examples of these topics are the following: Space Exploration and Its Effects on the Modern Man Influences of Celestial Bodies on the Earth and Its Atmosphere Human Milestones in Space Exploration among Others Dark Matter and Dark Energy Nebulae: What Are They and Where Do They Come from? When one has successfully chosen a topic, it’s time to move to the second pre-writing phase. Brainstorming Brainstorming involves jotting down of topics and issues that are directly or indirectly related to the astronomy term paper topic. This process involves a flow of thoughts and critical thinking. It’s about stringing ideas together to create active content that will be later polished and implemented while writing the astronomy term paper. It is also important to note that some of the points listed down when brainstorming will appear repetitive at this point during the process of writing the article. But there is no problem with that. The reason for this is that they assist the writer in finding other correlated topics before the drafting process where any recurrence is eliminated. Quality Research This point is the most crucial part of writing any academic term paper as it is the part where most content related to the topic is being attained. When conducting research, it is essential to realize that quality trumps quantity. Therefore, all gathered information should be the material contributing to a solid case. All points and topics that were listed down at the brainstorming phase are then used at this stage to create the most convincing evidence for the writer. Research also helps to understand whether the chosen topic is related to the points acquired while brainstorming and whether they are worth proceeding with evidence and content. All information attained while conducting this research should be strictly scholarly and from recent literary and online sources that can be trusted. It is crucial to avoid historical, personal or any other content that might weaken one’s case while conducting research. When researching for the astronomy term paper, other astronomy term paper writing tips greatly assist the writer to produce quality material, for example, thorough note taking and planning. Quality Note Taking This refers to the process of jotting down short notes that remind you of a particular topic or material. Thorough note taking entails the identification of an essential element within an extensive subject and highlighting them for later drafting and/or writing. These points should be readable as well as easy to understand. They may be appearing scattered between different topics and themes and/or lacking a strategic flow at this point of the term paper. But when you arrange them into a paragraph, they should be clear, sensible and precise to the end. As these notes are used after the prewriting phase, it is also crucial to write them with legible handwriting, or they may beat the intended purpose for this step. Detailed and Solid Plan A quality plan refers to the general outline of the paper. This is the final stage of the prewriting phase, and you should carefully adhere to. Otherwise, the term paper will lose its direction. Once you are done with the note taking, the organization of these points and topics into paragraphs commences. When planning for a quality paper, start with your thesis statement that consequently leads to an introductory paragraph. Set aside the information that will constitute to the central part of the article (which is the body), and end with some convincing argumentative sections that complete your term paper. Topic Selection for the Astronomy Term Paper: Lifehacks from Our Experts Astronomy can also be summed up as the study of objects and space beyond the earth atmosphere. Therefore, picking a proper term paper topic should motivate one’s passion for the discipline. A typical astronomy term paper is based on how the space beyond the earth atmosphere interacts with the universe directly or indirectly. Keep in mind that choosing the right topic requires several steps which involve: Searching for the most appropriate subject from a list of possible topics. Most people tend to focus on the controversial astronomy topics or other trending topics within the discipline and forget other issues like how astronomy affects the society, advancement of technology in the field. It is advisable to refer to other sources like magazines, journals as well as Google, and other online sources. Eliminating other topics. Often, the writer is encouraged to take up the most exciting topic. However, it is also important to identify its strength in argument as well as its supporting evidence. The success of the term paper depends on the power of the argumentative narratives with ample evidence and reasons to take the particular stand. Therefore, topics with little or no research content should be eliminated together with any item with weak arguments. Highlighting the most appealing subject. Appealing topics are the ones in line with your passion and have adequate resource materials. However, in identifying which one falls in this category, it is important to ask the following questions: Is the topic modern or dated? What do I know about the topic? Is the subject too extensive or too narrow? When is the topic suitable for discussion? How does the theme fit into the term paper’s objective? Do I have sufficient resource material? After picking and settling on a subject by answering the questions mentioned above, it is acceptable to commence the paper. Formulating a Strong Thesis Statement When the topic of the discussion is obtained, one can formulate a claim that creates a debate within the paper, that is, the thesis statement. A thesis statement is a claim that represents the emphasis of the term paper, commonly slotted as the last sentence of the introductory paragraph. The selected thesis statement must capture the paper’s initial concept while relaying your position on this notion. Depending on the objective of the term paper, the thesis statement usually includes two sentences where the first one presents the topic of the article and the second one communicates a writer’s claim on the specific subject in sentence one. After the formulation of the thesis statement, you can pass it through the following series of questions to identify its relevance. Is the thesis statement original? Is the thesis statement specific or general? Is it evident when I’m presenting my position on the issue of discussion? How does the thesis statement create room for supporting or disputing the claims presented? A thesis statement should be refutable, allowing room for the target audience or other writers to present their arguments. Appropriate Outline to Serve as an Action Plan In an astronomy term paper, a good outline offers a smooth flow of the article due to the organization and presentation of the content. The central part of an academic paper can usually comprise three core parts, which are the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. These divisions are strategically provided to ensure focus on the presentation of arguments, counter-arguments, and replies to the raised protestations. The Introduction This is the opening paragraph of an astronomy term paper, and it serves as the overview of the content. It should successfully present the topic, an argument to be discussed, the intended goal of the writer and should lastly contain the thesis statement as well as its explanation. When organizing the paper, one can choose to write the introductory paragraph first or after writing the main content of the document. This process assists the writer to effectively organize the structure of the paper as well as helps you with reflecting the primary ideas of the article. Depending on the format of the document, it is also advisable to highlight and explain the key terms that are widely used in the paper in this first paragraph. The Body The body of the term paper should effectively present your argument as specified in your introduction. For clear and comprehensive term papers, one should submit cases in separate paragraphs, where each focuses on the main point. There should be the topic sentences needed to introduce these paragraphs, which also indicate the claim or topic discussed in the specific section. All topic sentences should be aligned with not only the paper’s argument but also the thesis statement formulated. The other sentences in the paragraphs are used to provide solid evidence to support the topic sentences. In the documents that comprise subheadings, it is crucial to cluster all themes that are connected comprehensively and systematically for easier analysis and understanding. Presenting Arguments about the Thesis This is also an essential part of the body section. Present and deliver arguments to either support or object the thesis statement in paragraph form with each discussed separately and with sufficient evidence to accompany it. You can provide both experimental and hypothetical support when supporting the thesis. When you choose to oppose the thesis statement, it is important to adequately articulate the original concept first. Each argument should illustrate and prove that you have excellent knowledge and understanding of the topic selected. The Conclusion The conclusion is not only the part where you end your term paper but also an assignment section where you indicate your recommendations for the future research that should be performed. It is also essential to give a brief overview of the arguments in the paper as well as restate the thesis statement while concluding your astronomy term paper. Avoid introducing any new ideas or points in this paragraph as it is the summary of the paper. Post-Writing Tips This part refers to the stage when the term paper is accomplished. This is when the proofreading and the referencing of the term paper should be done. First, ensure the structure, and the organization of the piece is appropriate before you proceed to check the document for the most substantial points of the subject. One should then go through the paper again to ensure there are no grammatical errors and sentence structure issues. When going through the piece, ensure to confirm that the sentences are well-articulated, logical and placed in the correct tense. A systematic arrangement of ideas is essential! Hence, copy editing should involve ensuring there is a smooth flow of ideas and arguments throughout the text. Depending on the instructions, one can offer a list of the sources used while conducting the research. References Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adya, V. B. (2016). GW150914: Implications for the stochastic gravitational-wave background from binary black holes. Physical Review Letters, 116(13), 131102. Belczynski, K., Bulik, T., Fryer, C. L., Ruiter, A., Valsecchi, F., Vink, J. S., Hurley, J. R. (2010). On the maximum mass of stellar black holes. The Astrophysical Journal, 714(2), 1217. Coleman Miller, M., Colbert, E. J. (2004). Intermediate-mass black holes. International Journal of Modern Physics, 13(01), 1-64. Narayan, R. (2005). Black holes in astrophysics. New Journal of Physics, 7(1), 199. Shastri, P. (2017). Black holes in our universe. Resonance, 22(3), 237-244. Ferrarese, L., Merritt, D. (2002). Supermassive black holes. Physics World, 15(6), 41.

3 Examples of Slang in Journalistic Content

3 Examples of Slang in Journalistic Content 3 Examples of Slang in Journalistic Content 3 Examples of Slang in Journalistic Content By Mark Nichol There is always a tension in language usage about achieving a balance between sesquipedalian obfuscation and, um, like, you know, overly casual language. Ultimately, clarity on the writer’s part and fluency on the part of the readership are the key criteria for whether content succeeds in communicating ideas, knowledge, and information, and writers can be flexible about linguistic register based on context. However, it can be unsettling for older readers and those for whom English is not their first language when they read journalistic content online; there is a trend among some news outlets to make content both more accessible and more potent by using slang. Note the following examples, all of which involve vivid verbs: 1. The twenty-year veteran anchor of Today was abruptly canned. Canned, slang for â€Å"discharged from employment† (perhaps from the analogy of putting the terminated employee in a garbage can), can also, in the form can, mean â€Å"score,† as when a scoring attempt in basketball or golf is successful (from comparison of the basket or hole to a can), or â€Å"put a stop to,† as in the dated command â€Å"Can the chatter† (â€Å"Stop talking†), from the notion of containing one’s speech in a can. (As an adjective, canned means â€Å"lacking originality† or â€Å"prepared in advance,† with the notion that a canned speech or canned music, for example, was retrieved ready-made from a can.) 2. The motocross rider must soar over the train and then stick a landing on the hillside across the tracks. Stick, originally employed in reference to executing a flawless landing in a gymnastics competition,  apparently comes from the comparison of the gymnast’s contact with the floor with piercing or stabbing something. Stick may also refer to tricking someone into paying a bill, or overcharging someone, or to baffling or cheating someone, as well as to remaining in place or being halted. 3. They decided to spike the draft when the agency released its guidance in 2014. Similarly, here, spike alludes to the previous practice in clerical routines of impaling a document on a spike when done with it; the term also refers to submitted content that is rejected for publication or to blocking or suppressing information. As a noun, spike is used informally to refer to a sudden sharp increase, as in temperature or power consumption, or prices or rates; this usage is based on the shape of marks made on a graph to represent such a change. In verb form, spike might also pertain to a stimulant added to a substance, or to an analogous figurative addition (as in spiking a speech with jokes). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Types of LanguageThe Many Forms of the Verb TO BEShow, Don't Tell

Nosocomial Infections, Sanitation in Medical Settings Research Paper

Nosocomial Infections, Sanitation in Medical Settings - Research Paper Example This refers to the diseases or infections caused by the hospital environment as a favoring factor. According to the CDC the number of deaths as a result of nosocomial diseases is about 100,000 (Acton, 2013). This infections as commonly caused by bacteria and micro-organisms in the hospital environment. Most common nosocomial diseases include pneumonia infections, urinary tract and blood stream infection. In an argument by WHO (2002) nosocomial infections are mostly caused by the inability of health providers to abide by sanitation regulations. The author further asserts that patient mishandling and practitioner carelessness constitute the largest causing factors of nosocomial infections. The infection’s common route of transmission is direct contact. In this mode of transmission a practitioner may come into contact with a patient with equipment that have not be sanitized, or body to body contact. There infection could also be transmitted through droplet transmission. The droplets may be from a sneeze, cough or talking during sensitive procedures. For instance, a practitioner is required to cover their nose and mouth during surgeries to avoid droplet transmission of infection. Airborne transmission is also a common way nosocomial infection are transmitted. This may be in case or airborne diseases such as tuberculosis. Food, water, devices and medications may also transmit infections if poorly handled. Acton (2013) asserts that simple precautions could be put in place to minimize the occurrence of nosocomial infections. Firstly, sterilization should be done of equipment that are reused in a medical setting. In an instance where a practitioner or a patient put the environment at the risk of infection, isolation should be considered for the person. This would ensure the person does not contaminate the health setting. For the practitioners basic hygiene procedures should be

Laws of Blasphemy and Human Rights Is there a modern connection Essay

Laws of Blasphemy and Human Rights Is there a modern connection - Essay Example At a point when legal developments have come to focus on the excitement created by renewed controversy, the social and cultural significance of the offence and the legal strategies have been questioned. In the course of this paper, I have attempted to examine the law of blasphemy in uncertainties surrounding the impact of secularization and cultural pluralism, which invest it with considerable symbolic consequence. This brings to the fore the recent revival of blasphemy laws through an assessment of the paradoxical nature of its effects, with particular emphasis on those difficulties that have been posed for liberalism as a political philosophy that tries to steer through an era of plurality and harmonious co - existence. In this way, the significance of blasphemy is related to the question of the status of religion in contemporary western societies in context of the appropriate response of the legal machinery of various countries, as well as the conflict that exists between the desire to rationalize the offence and the desire to equalize the protection it affords. Further, in recent times, there have been numerous accounts of the parameters of the law which has sparked a critical analysis of its relationship to laws dealing with the adjacent areas of sedition, obscenity, outrage to public decency and offences against public order. Therefore, dissension over the future of the blasphemy law arises at the intersection of a cluster of intractable debates which have rendered the topic as extremely sensitive and hard to judge. It is now imperative to chart a brief history and evolution of blasphemy to understand the journey of its evolution and how it has come about to be associated with Human Rights in the present day. Having originally been a part of canon law, in the 17th century the offence of blasphemy was declared a common law offence by the Court of King's Bench, punishable by the common law courts. From the 16th century to the mid-19th century, blasphemy against Christianity was held as an offence against common law, apart from being used a legal instrument to persecute atheists, Unitarians, and others. All contumelious reproaches of Jesus Christ, all profane scoffing at the Holy Scriptures, and exposing any part thereof to contempt or ridicule, and finally all blasphemies against God, including denying His being or providence, were punishable by the temporal courts with fine, imprisonment, and corporal punishment. In 1656, the Quaker James Naylor suffered flogging, branding and the piercing of his tongue by a red-hot poker. An act of Edward VI (repealed 1553 and revived 1558) set a punishment of imprisonment for reviling the sacrament of the Last Supper. Further, it was in the 1676 case of Rex v Taylor, when the Lord Chief Justice Sir Matthew Hale stated that "Such kinds of blasphemous words were not only an offence to God and religion, but a crime against the laws, State and Government, and therefore punishable in that Court.... Christianity is parcel of the laws of England and therefore to reproach the Christian religion is to speak in subversion of the law." (www.google.com) Those denying the Trinity were deprived of the benefit of the Act of Toleration by an act of 1688. Commonly called the Blasphemy Act, an act of 1697-1698, stated that if any person, educated in or having

The Sixth Sense Essay Example for Free

The Sixth Sense Essay Night Shyamalan uses symbolism in this film to give it a creepy atmosphere. The names of most of the characters are symbolic, they relate to things that are dark and may reflect to the personality of the person. For example, Dr. Malcolm Crowe, his last name is Crowe like a crow, which is the symbol of evil or dark, dead things, and in the end he is dead. Cole’s name is symbolic because of Cole, which is like cold which is what happens when ghosts get angry; Sear his last name is symbolic because it is like the word seer which is a person that is a visionary or someone that can see things that others can’t, like Cole. Vincent’s name is symbolic because his name is the same as the famous Vincent Van Gogh, a painter that was insane and ended up shooting himself like Vincent Grey; Grey is symbolic because grey is the color of being in between, it’s the color of neither black nor white, being in the middle of two worlds as Vincent Grey was. Lastly, in â€Å"The Sixth Sense† M. Night Shyamalan uses motif to explain extreme emotional pain that can be damaging to someone. Red is a big significance in the movie because when something is about to go wrong, the color red appears. When something frightening is about to happen somewhere on the screen, the color red appears. Another example of motif is the white hair on the back of Vincent and Cole’s head, because some hair on trauma victims goes white. By Shyamalan having Vincent and Cole sharing this feature, it shows a deep connection between them. Using symbolism and motif people are able to figure out the ending of the movie before it ends. Dr. Malcolm Crowe has been dead for the entire movie, and Cole Sear is able to deal with his problems. Dr. Crowe came to Cole to help him with his problem with being afraid of ghosts, but Cole also helped Dr. Crowe by helping him to move on. When Dr. Crowe spoke to his wife while she was sleeping he was able to figure out that he was dead because he saw his wife’s breath. Works Cited The Sixth Sense. Dir. M. Night Shyamalan. Perf. Bruce Willis, Haley Joel Osment. 1999. DVD. Buena Vista, 1999. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Sixth Sense. 6 Dec. 2006. 9 Dec. 2006.

The Changing Character Hamlet in Act II and Act IV of Shakespeares Hamlet :: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

The Changing Character Hamlet in Act II and Act IV of Shakespeare's Hamlet In Shakespeare's Hamlet, although the character Hamlet makes similar points about himself in the soliloquies of Act II and Act IV, he seems to be less self-blaming and more in control of his emotions in the Act IV soliloquy. In the Act IV soliloquy, Hamlet is less self-blaming and more in control of his emotions. In Act II Hamlet blames himself for the delay in his revenge, "O, what a rouge and peasant slave am I!" (2:2:519). He also seems to be more self-abusive in his expressions, "Why, what an ass am I!" (2:2:553). Hamlet's deep depression is expressed through his comparison of himself to the lowest and most worthless things he can think of. However, in the Act IV soliloquy, Hamlet uses logic to reason his delay in killing Claudius, "How all occasions do inform against me and spur my dull revenge!" (4:4:32). While he is still a bit emotional, he is less self-abusive and more in control of his feelings, "How stand I then, that have a father killed, a mother stained." (4:4:56). Hamlet's reproach of his actions is gentler and less derogatory. He uses reason to explain how certain occasions have delayed him rather than blaming himself for backing out on his plans. In both soliloquies Hamlet makes comparisons between himself and other characters. In Act II he compares himself to an actor and in Act IV he compares himself to Fortinbras. In both soliloquies Hamlet uses the comparisons to put himself down for not carrying out his actions. In Act II Hamlet is angry with himself because he doesn't understand how an actor can get so emotional over a speech that he is reading, while Hamlet, who is actually in the real situation, is passive in his emotions, "Is it not monstrous that this player here, but in a fiction, in a dream of passion, could force his soul so to his own conceit." (2:2:520). In Act IV Hamlet expresses admiration for Fortinbras' courage and ambition to succeed and to fight for his name and honor, (".led by a delicate and tender prince, whose spirit, with divine ambition puffed." (4:4:48). Although both comparisons are different, both the actor and Fortinbras serve as role-models to Hamlet. He looks up to their actions to spur his am bition for revenge. At the end of each soliloquy Hamlet reaches a state of resolution, in which he seeks to find certain truths about himself and the outside world.

Proposal for IPS

Current Issues and Challenges for Stakeholders We can identify the stakeholders as the primary users (management, staff and customers) of the Simple Gateway network which are affected by the deferent issues noted in the RFC. The issues and challenges are a. Document Versions Primarily affects office and management staff that receive data and make decisions based on incorrect information. The number of errors that happen due to multiple versions of documents and forms floating around the sites increase inconsistencies.Business processes rely on consistency and having no set process for document concurrent version system (C.V.) or single point of file access affects the tasks employees perform. B. Storage Localization Collaboration In the current environment affects all stakeholders as well as business outcomes. A network using a non-centralized storage layout makes these tasks difficult. Non-centralized storage is expensive to setup, maintain, and manage. Issues related to ownership, management, and version control are also created due to this.The information retrieval process is being an impediment to the efficiency of he staff and the work they perform. C. Human Resources Processes Staff benefits are being affected by manual request processing. Sick leaves, vacation time and other common HRS tasks are affecting employee's satisfaction with the employer and more than likely generating feelings that also affects performance and good doltishly to server customers. II – Performance Comparison KIP Current Environment Proposed Environment Document Versions and Data Sharing Multiple versions are passed between office staff.Incorrect information is used to make business decisions. Site files are stored on local filibuster. Sharing Is done via email. Enterprise storage will be centralized wealth Office ass's One Drive, helping in business decision making. Stakeholders will have access to the latest document version available. Administrative Tasks Management Sick leave or vacation requests are paper-based and slow. Forms and other workflow documents used by staff will be available within Office ass's Sharpening module, automating the submission and reducing response times. Servers Each office operates Its own file and email servers.Centralization of data and as management overhead. Productivity Suite Latest edition of office will be used. Ill – Recommendations Latest edition of office is used. For the centralization of documents and forms at Simple Gateways, the proposed solution is Microsoft Office 365 for the Enterprise. Office 365 is a web-based, workup collaboration and office productivity suite that provides access to centralized storage across the locations using common web browser applications. It includes tools such as Sharpening, Exchange, and Noontide for Business for shared storage.Office 365 is offered as a AAAS (Software as a Service). Office 365 delivers the same features of locally hosted services without the associate d overhead of managing a server infrastructure. The management flexibility ensures that control and security are retained for compliance requirements and is enhanced by providing centralized storage. Some of the advantages of the solution are: a. Cross Device Accessibility: Office 365 has mobile APS that the access and interaction with the platform easy wherever the user connects from and across various devices b.Management Easiness: The administration console allows for easy management of policies and security of the content and features within Office 365. Automated maintenance ensure an always up-to-date with the latest features with minimal downtime c. Enterprise grade reliability and standards: Features state-of- the-art user account control, premier disaster recovery capabilities, expert monitoring and support, geographically-distributed hosting decanters with continuous data backup and redundancy. To comply with the human resources needs presented in the RFC, a Human CapitalMa nagement (HCI) solution is recommended. For this, Epicure's Spectrum HCI has been selected. Epicure's web-based HRS software provides a comprehensive solution for workforce and benefits management, offering employees direct access to view and control their own human resource information. The solution includes: Human resources management Performance management Talent management Benefits and absence tracking Payroll IV- Solution Justification same time, these solutions are provided through the familiar interface of a web- browser which reduces the learning curve.

A Comparative Look at the Japanese Healthcare System

A Comparative Look at the Japanese Healthcare Systems The Japanese health care system is one of the most efficient in the world. In fact, it is so efficient that the people of Japan have the highest life expectancy rate of any other country in the world (The Economist, 2011). Life expectancy at birth was 83 years in 2009 ; 79. 6 for males and 86. 4 years for females (Wikipedia, 2012). The Japanese government has been able to accomplish this through strict regulations and policies.Although this system has worked for the people of Japan since its institution in 1961, heir healthcare system is now facing financial ruins if changes are not implemented in the near future. It is my intent to explore why the Japanese health system has been able to function in a cost effective way and how it affects health outcomes. Japan has a universal health system called kaihoken (The Economist, 2011). Citizens are required to get insurance. Most people get it through their employers and are responsible for paying10%, 20%, or 30% of their healthcare costs depending on their family size and income.The government covers the difference (Wikipedia, 2012). If a itizen cannot get coverage through an employer then they have the option of participating in a national health insurance program that is managed by the local government (Wikipedia, 2012). Japanese citizens are free to go to any physician or healthcare facility that they want and cannot be denied treatment (Wikipedia, 2012). Because of this freedom, Japanese citizens visit the doctor four times more than the average American does in a year (Wikipedia, 2012). Japan has strict regulations on the healthcare system that allows them to keep their costs down.Japan has about the owest per capita health care costs among the advanced nations of the world, at around $2,873 (Arnquist, 2009). They are able to do this for many reasons. The first being they set a fixed price for services and medications with physicians every two years. This way there is no question about what their compensation will be (Harden, 2009). Also, administrative costs are four times lower than they are in the United States, partly because insurance companies cannot set rates for treatment or deny claims. It is against the law for them to make profits or advertise to attract low-risk, igh-profit clients (Harden, 2009).The downside to all of this is physicians in Japan are overworked and underpaid, making an average of about $125,000 by the time they are midway into their careers (The Economist, 2011). There is evidence that physicians and hospitals compensate for minimal reimbursement rates by providing more services. This is acceptable because the fee-for-service system does not limit the supply ot care comprehensively. Japan's physicians oversee almost three times as many consultations a year as their colleagues in other developed countries do. There s also a shortage of physicians within Japan, especially those who practice specialty medicine. In Japan, physicians who practice primary care makes more money than their colleagues who practice highly specialized care (Arnquist, 2009). This is the complete opposite from American doctors. Some other issues that the Japanese healthcare system faces are an aging population and an overutilization of services. As stated earlier, Japan has the highest life expectancy rate in the world. This also means that the government will have to take care of more of their citizens' medical eeds for an extended period of time. It is estimated that by 2050 two-fifths of the population will be over the age of 65 (The Economist, 2011).With an aging population and low birth rates, this puts a substantial strain on government spending. Another problem that Japan faces is an overutilization of services. By this I mean citizens are much more likely to go see a physician for minor illnesses because there are no restrictions on which they can see at any time, without proof of medical necessity and with full insurance coverage (Henke et. al. , 2009). Since everyone has access to edical care, long wait times in physician offices and overcrowding in emergency rooms are commonplace.A report has shown that more than 14,000 emergency patients were rejected at least three times by hospitals in Japan before getting treatment (Wikipedia, 2012). The average length of a hospital stay is two to three times as long in Japan as in other developed countries (Henke et. al. , 2009). In contrast, the U. S. has a lower life expectancy than Japan at 78. 7 years (CDC, 2010). This is in large part to our high obesity rates and unhealthy lifestyles. The older population, those persons aged 65 years and older, makes up about 12. % of the U. S. population (AOA, 2013).Both Japan and the U. S. have seen declines in their birthrates. But unlike Japan, Americans are less likely to seek medical care for minor ailments such as the Japanese. This is due to the fact that a large number of Americans have little to none insurance coverage. Those that do have coverage often have copays. Another vast difference between the two healthcare systems is the insurance regulations that many Americans encounter. It is not an uncommon practice for insurance companies to deny patients claims and not cover certain medical treatment.The patients are then forced to appeal the claim, pay out of pocket, or simply do without the treatment that they needed. One would think that because the Japanese have so much access to health services that their health outcomes would be above average. This is not always the case. The physician shortage means long wait times and shorter consultations. Those that have complicated medical cases often do not get the proper amount of medical attention (The Economist, 2011). The Japanese are only a quarter as likely as Americans to suffer a heart attack, but twice as likely to die if they do (The Economist, 2011).An oversaturation of hospitals also affects health outcomes. Research has shown that health outcomes are better when the centers and physicians responsible for procedures perform large quantities of them. Because Japan has so many hospitals, very few are able to achieve this (Henke et. al. , 2009). The small scale of most Japanese hospitals also means that they are inadequately equipped with intensive- care and other specialized units. Very few Japanese hospitals have oncology units. Theretore, a number ot ditterent departments in each hospi tal deliver care tor cancer Henke et. l. , 2009). In the U. S. physicians and nurse are required are certain number of Continuing Education hours every few years in order to renew their license. This helps them stay current with medical practices and sharpens their skills. In Japan, once a doctor or nurse is licensed, they are no longer required to further their education. There is no central agency oversees the quality of these physicians' training nor are there criteria for board certification in specialties (H enke et. al. , 2009). Despite some flaws, the Japanese healthcare system is able to do many hings well.For one, the Japanese system is quite proficient in chronic care, particularly due to the fact that it has so many older people. Along with appropriate medical care, Japan also provides long-term care to all older people who need it through a public insurance system that started in 2000 (Henke et. al. , 2009). In Japan, a person's income does not influence the quantity and quality of medical care that they receive. Premiums and out-of-pocket costs are minor concerns for most people, and those whom have a low-income and the elderly receive subsidies to afford care Arnquist, 2009).

Taxation reflective Journals Essay Example

Taxation reflective Journals Essay Example Taxation reflective Journals Essay Taxation reflective Journals Essay Essay Topic: Reflective In an attempt to enable productivity and Innovation, PICK+ scheme for small ND medium enterprises (Seems) was Introduced by the Government, and along with other measures such as the extension of financial schemes for companies at different growing stages. One of the measures Is the extension of the RD tax Incentive for a longer timeshare of 10 years In hope of yelling successful results from the businesses innovation activities. The move for extending the tax Incentive Is essential as in a global perspective, there is a strong competition for R activities. In 2013, Singapore economy has achieved a significant 4. 1%, so as to further strengthen the imitativeness of the economy in 2014, especially in the financial services sector, Government introduced measures that focus on tax certainty and maintain a level- playing for Singapore-incorporated banks which issue Basel Ill Additional Tier 1 instruments, and such instruments will be treated as debt for tax purposes. Additionally, enhancing and refining the tax incentive schemes for qualifying funds promotes the fund management sector in Singapore. Lastly, Budget 2014 aims to achieve a fair and equitable society, and financial assistance in education for hillier from lower income households is one example, as well as the generous Pioneer Generation Package, an 8 billion initiative to salute those who helped in nation building. Applicable Laws 1 . Extension of Productivity Innovation Credit Scheme Currently, businesses can enjoy 400% tax deductions/allowances on up to $400,000 of their qualifying expenditure per year. However, to continue encourage businesses in Investments on innovation activities and productivity, the PICK scheme Is further extended to 2018. This extension is appropriate and deemed as an essential approach which aims to attain a positive Impact to Singapore economy as whole where businesses are provided with a substantial amount of time to achieve long- term sustainability in productivity enhancements. On top of the extension, PICK+ was proposed by the minister to support Seems where the capped of qualifying expenses Is Increased from $400,000 to $600,000. For Seems, this will be definitely served as a booster for their business expansion and restructure as more substantial Investments are being made. Taxation reflective Journals By Chihuahua Lie asthma S3420690 HP: 92336485 Budget 2014 has witnessed the effort from Government in the economic restructuring path by extending and refining tax incentives to boost productivity and promote innovation so as to sustain its competitiveness in the economy. At the same time, several measures were introduced to build an inclusive social structure of Singapore by providing financial support to the senior citizens and the lower income groups. In an attempt to enable productivity and innovation, PICK+ scheme for small and medium enterprises (Seems) was introduced by the Government, and along with growing stages. One of the measures is the extension of the R tax incentive for a longer timeshare of 10 years in hope of yielding successful results from the businesses innovation activities. The move for extending the tax incentive is essential investments on innovation activities and productivity, the PICK scheme is further approach which aims to attain a positive impact to Singapore economy as whole proposed by the minister to support Seems where the capped of qualifying expenses is increased from $400,000 to $600,000. For Seems, this will be definitely served as a investments are being made.

Compare Nationalism in China and Japan

Compare Nationalism in China and Japan The period between 1750 and 1914 was pivotal in world history, and particularly in East Asia. China had long been the only superpower in the region, secure in the knowledge that it was the Middle Kingdom around which the rest of the world pivoted. Japan, cushioned by stormy seas, held itself apart from its Asian neighbors much of the time  and had developed a unique and inward-looking culture. Beginning in the 18th century, however, both Qing China and Tokugawa Japan faced a new threat: imperial expansion by the European powers and later the United States. Both countries responded with growing nationalism, but their versions of nationalism had different focuses and outcomes. Japans nationalism was aggressive and expansionist, allowing Japan itself to become one of the imperial powers in an astonishingly short amount of time. Chinas nationalism, in contrast, was reactive and disorganized, leaving the country in chaos and at the mercy of foreign powers until 1949. Chinese Nationalism In the 1700s, foreign traders from Portugal, Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, and other countries sought to trade with China, which was the source of fabulous luxury products like silk, porcelain, and tea. China allowed them only in the port of Canton  and severely restricted their movements there. The foreign powers wanted access to Chinas other ports and to its interior. The First and Second Opium Wars (1839-42 and 1856-60) between China and Britain ended in humiliating defeat for China, which had to agree to give foreign traders, diplomats, soldiers, and missionaries access rights. As a result, China fell under economic imperialism, with different western powers carving out spheres of influence in Chinese territory along the coast. It was a shocking reversal for the Middle Kingdom. The people of China blamed their rulers, the Qing emperors, for this humiliation, and called for the expulsion of all foreigners - including the Qing, who were not Chinese but ethnic Manchus from Manchuria. This groundswell of nationalist and anti-foreigner feeling led to the Taiping Rebellion (1850-64). The charismatic leader of the Taiping Rebellion, Hong Xiuquan, called for the ouster of the Qing Dynasty, which had proved itself incapable of defending China and getting rid of the opium trade. Although the Taiping Rebellion did not succeed, it did severely weaken the Qing government. The nationalist feeling continued to grow in China after the Taiping Rebellion was put down. Foreign Christian missionaries fanned out in the countryside, converting some Chinese to Catholicism or Protestantism, and threatening traditional Buddhist and Confucian beliefs. The Qing government raised taxes on ordinary people to fund half-hearted military modernization, and pay war indemnities to the western powers after the Opium Wars. In 1894-95, the people of China suffered another shocking blow to their sense of national pride. Japan, which had at times been a tributary state of Chinas in the past, defeated the Middle Kingdom in the First Sino-Japanese War  and took control of Korea. Now China was being humiliated not only by the Europeans and Americans  but also by one of their nearest neighbors, traditionally a subordinate power. Japan also imposed war indemnities  and occupied the Qing emperors homeland of Manchuria. As a result, the people of China rose up in anti-foreigner fury once more in 1899-1900. The Boxer Rebellion began as equally anti-European and anti-Qing, but soon the people and the Chinese government joined forces to oppose the imperial powers. An eight-nation coalition of the British, French, Germans, Austrians, Russians, Americans, Italians, and Japanese defeated both the Boxer Rebels and the Qing Army, driving Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu out of Beijing. Although they clung to power for another decade, this was really the end of the Qing Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty fell in 1911, the Last Emperor Puyi abdicated the throne, and a Nationalist government under Sun Yat-sen took over. However, that government did not last long, and China slipped into a decades-long civil war between the nationalists and the communists that only ended in 1949 when Mao Zedong and the Communist Party prevailed. Japanese Nationalism For 250 years, Japan existed in quiet and peace under the Tokugawa Shoguns (1603-1853). The famed samurai warriors were reduced to working as bureaucrats and writing wistful poetry  because there were no wars to fight. The only foreigners allowed in Japan were a handful of Chinese and Dutch traders, who were confined to an island in Nagasaki Bay. In 1853, however, this peace was shattered when a squadron of American steam-powered warships under Commodore Matthew Perry showed up in Edo Bay (now Tokyo Bay) and demanded the right to refuel in Japan. Just like China, Japan had to allow foreigners in, sign unequal treaties with them, and allow them extraterritorial rights on Japanese soil. Also like China, this development sparked anti-foreign and nationalist feelings in the Japanese people and caused the government to fall. However, unlike China, the leaders of Japan took this opportunity to thoroughly reform their country. They quickly turned it from an imperial victim to an aggressive imperial power in its own right. With Chinas recent Opium War humiliation as a warning, the Japanese started with a complete overhaul of their government and social system. Paradoxically, this modernization drive centered around the Meiji Emperor, from an imperial family that had ruled the country for 2,500 years. For centuries, however, the emperors had been figureheads, while the shoguns wielded actual power. In 1868, the Tokugawa Shogunate was abolished and the emperor took the reins of government in the Meiji Restoration. Japans new constitution also did away with the feudal social classes, made all of the samurai and daimyo into commoners, established a modern conscript military, required basic elementary education for all boys and girls, and encouraged the development of heavy industry. The new government convinced the people of Japan to accept these sudden and radical changes by appealing to their sense of nationalism; Japan refused to bow to the Europeans, they would prove that Japan was a great, modern power, and Japan would rise to be the Big Brother of all of the colonized and down-trodden peoples of Asia. In the space of a single generation, Japan became a major industrial power with a well-disciplined modern army and navy. This new Japan shocked the world in 1895 when it defeated China in the First Sino-Japanese War. That was nothing, however, compared to the complete panic that erupted in Europe when Japan beat Russia (a European power!) in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05. Naturally, these amazing David-and-Goliath victories fueled further nationalism, leading some of the people of Japan to believe that they were inherently superior to other nations. While nationalism helped to fuel Japans incredibly quick development into a major industrialized nation and an imperial power  and helped it fend off the western powers, it certainly had a dark side as well. For some Japanese intellectuals and military leaders, nationalism developed into fascism, similar to what was happening in the newly-unified European powers of Germany and Italy. This hateful and genocidal ultra-nationalism led Japan down the road to military overreach, war crimes, and eventual defeat in World War II.

Case Study of Regulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Case Study of Regulation - Essay Example For instance, the roll out of the new generation broadband would influence internet service delivery and telecommunication services. The need to create fair play in the sector constitutes the discussion in this paper. Telecommunication sector contributes to the economic growth through various aspects such as creating jobs, enhancing communication, which influence the consumption of other products in the market. Providers in the telecommunication industry are keen about the role they play in the economy. Market without regulation would promote exploitation of parties concerned (Borrus, 2003:69). Providers in the telecommunication industry offer service to players at some fees regulated by existing policies. However, new generation broadband technology is a new application in the market, which requires policies that would protect various interests. The key players in the sector are the consumer, the provider and intermediary players. For instance, determination of prices in the market depends on regulations. Analysts in the sector realised that rolling out broadband technology in the market would lead to international coverage (Pietrunti, 2008:12). Broadband service consumers have demonstrated diff erent needs depending on service type. For instance, television service providers and internet clients would consume different quantity of the product (Hardy, 2008:123). Urban and rural areas are set to acquire the services yet this would at different speeds. Analysts have observed that new generation broadband would change the pre existing aspects in the market (Hardy, 2008:65). For instance, the broadband technology contrasts the existing technology because it would channel copper loops to cabinets in the streets as well as ending up in various homes. The issue about regulation comes in when factors influencing modality of delivery crops. First, the opportunity has a set a ground for new players in the telecommunication sector to venture into

Review paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Review paper - Essay Example The Race Myth written by Graves’ centers on crucial matters of racism in the American community. He presents in the book that American consider immigrants lazy and have genetic inheritance that affect their well-being. They even felt that these African Americans needed to work harder in order to save themselves as they did (Graves 122). He noted in his book that the Americans did not consider the African American oppression when giving these opinions about them. According to Graves, the American society provides support for racial oppression in the American society, and it is through racial discrimination that the African American experience health disparities (122). He felt that most African Americans still consider that there is some genetic legitimacy within the society that contributes to racial discrimination. However, this is not true because racism only emanates as a result of societal stereotypes. In this book, the author wants the readers to understand that racism is a socially developed concept aimed at overpowering African Americans instead of a genetic experience that explains racial differences in the society (Graves 123). Racial discrimination was started by the Europeans who made it extend in their communities. They accepted the concept of racial order that was widespread during that time. According to the author, the constructed racial discrimination helped the Europeans to control the continent (Graves 123). He presents a strong concept against biological arguments concerning racial discrimination because of genetic factors. Graves mainly points out social factors that contribute to racial discrimination, and he believes that only two percent of genetic interferences can contribute to genetic difference (124). Grave also questions the concept that there are genetic specific drugs for specific racial group